JDBC is just an API. In order to actually use it, you need to include a driver for the specific DBMS that you are using - in your case SQLite - as a runtime dependency. An SQLite JDBC driver is available as Maven artifact org.xerial:sqlite-jdbc.
Maven artifacts can be used as Gradle dependencies quite easily, in fact Gradle mainly depends on using Maven artifacts. Go here to simply see how to add that artifact to your gradle projecct, but the TL;DR of it is this: implementation group: 'org.xerial', name: 'sqlite-jdbc', version: '3.34.0'
oh you’re using kts that’s why. The instructions on that are for the “default” (for lack of a better word) gradle language of Groovy (i.e. which is just build.gradle without the kts). For kts, use implementation(group = "org.xerial", name = "sqlite-jdbc", version: "3.34.0")